Formulary Monographs [CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENTS, <a href="drug_notes

Formulary Monographs [CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENTS, 2428]

Active Ingredient	CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENTS
Therapeutic Code	2428
Therapeutic Class	DIHYDROPYRIDINES
Indications
Caution
Dose Range
Drug Interactions
Pregnancy
Breast Feeding
Drug Note	Calcium Channel Blockers interfere with the inward displacement of calcium ions through the slow channels of active cell membranes. They influence the myocardial cells, the cells within the specialized conducting system of the heart, and the cells in vascular smooth muscle. There are important differences between the types of calcium channel blockers available as exhibited by a phenylalkylamine (verapamil), the dihydropyridines (nifedi- pine, amlodipine, felodipine, lacidipine, isradipine) and benzothiazepine (diltiazem). Verap amil is used for the treat-ment of angina, hypertension and arrhythmias. Nifedipine has more activity on the smooth muscles and blood vessels than on the myocardium. Hence it is used for angina and hypertension. Isradipine has a similar action to nifedipine but is only indicated for mild to moderate hypertension. Diltiazem 60mg is for the prophylaxis and treatment of angina. Calcium Channel Blockers have greater activity in patients with low rennin levels. Verapamil should be used with extreme caution in combination with beta- blockers. Though gingival hyperplasia is a rare side effect, patients on long term Calcium Channel Blockers should have a good dental hygiene program.